AWS D1.1 2020 edition added 2 clauses – Normative References &Terms and Definitions.
MAIN CLAUSES
- Clause 5: Pre-qualification of WPSs.
- Clause 6: Qualification of WPSs.
- Clause 10: Tubular Structure.
QUALIFICATION
| Description | Clause | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| PQR essential variable | Table 6.5 | |
| PQR sup. essential variable | Table 6.7 | |
| WPS qualification | ||
| – Position for plate | Table 6.1 | |
| – Thickness for plate | Table 6.2 | |
| – Position for tubular | Table 10.8 | |
| – Thickness for tubular | Table 10.9 |
Note: Table 6.7 are in addition the requirement of Table 6.5, see C-6.8.
To complete the WPS, we have a highlight in pWPS notes to minimize test coupon and reduce number of procedure.
- Recommend the test coupon DN200x12.7 mm and DN80x5.5mm, see Table 10.9.
- CVN requirement for welding procedure, above test coupons also complied with Table 6.7 line 2(a).
- Recommend qualify a single process in a test coupon, instead of multiple process in a test coupon, see Table 6.5 line 34.
Welding Procedure Specification
DESCIPTION OF WPS
- Suggestion PQR template in the Annex M-2.
JOINT DETAIL
I recommend to bring all essential variables in Table 6.5 and Table 6.7 to the WPS.
Refer to Table 6.5 for SMAW
Line #31: a change in groove type …
Line #32: a change in the type of groove to a square groove and vice versa.
Line #34: The omission, but not inclusion, of backing or back-gouging.
—WPS—
- Groove type: Single V- or double V- Butt Joint or Fillet Joint.
- Groove angle: as recommended in Figure 5.1 or 5.2.
- Root opening: as recommended in Figure 5.1 or 5.2.
- Root face: as recommended in Figure 5.1 or 5.2.
- Back gouging and method: grinding or arc gouging.
POSITIONS
Refer to Table 6.5 for SMAW
Line #27: a change in position not qualified by Table 6.1 or 6.10 > See Table 6.1 for nontubular or Table 10.8 for tubular
Line #30: vertical welding > any changing from uphill to downhill and vice versa.
Refer to Table 6.7 for SMAW
Line #11: in the vertical position > change from stringer to weave bead.
BASE METAL
Approved base metal Spec / Grade or Type / AWS Grouping find in the Table 5.3 or AWS B2.1.
Refer to Table 6.5 for SMAW
Line #29: a change in base metal or combination of base metals not listed on the PQR or qualified by Table 6.8.
Refer to Table 6.7 for SMAW
Line #1: a change in group number.
Line #2(a): Min. thickness qualified…
—WPS—
- PQR grouping the approved material qualification find in the Table 6.8.
- Backing material: make sure material the same grouping number.
- CJP groove welds thickness qualified: find in the Table 6.2 (Non-tubular) or Table 10.9 (Tubular).
- CJP groove welds w/CVN thickness qualified: find in the Table 6.7 line #2 and Table 6.2 (Non-tubular) or Table 10.9 (Tubular).
- CJP WPS shall qualify PJP Groove weld, see Clause 6.12.1.
- Backing, refer to Clause 7.9.
FILLER METAL
Refer to Table 6.5 for SMAW
Line #1: Increase in filler metal classification strength.
Line #2: Change from low-hydrogen to non-low hydrogen SMAW electrode.
Line #4: Change to an electrode or flux electrode classification not covered in AWS A5.1 or A5.5
Line #10: Change in nominal filler metal diameter by increased 0.8 mm.
Any changes in essential variables, PQR required qualification.
—WPS—
- AWS classification: type of electrode used for qualification, such AWS A5.1 E7108-1 or AWS A5.5 E11018M.
- Diameter: detail max. diameter of electrode and additional allowance in Line #10 above such max. 4.0 mm.
PRE-HEAT
Refer to Table 6.5 for SMAW
Line #35: Decrease from preheat temperature by 15 deg. C.
Line #36: Decrease from inter-pass temperature by 15 deg. C.
Refer to Table 6.7 for SMAW
Line #8: An increase of more than 100°F [56°C] in the maximum preheat or interpass temperature qualified
—WPS—
- Min. preheat temperature: refer to PQR recorded and Table 5.3, Table 6.9.
- Max. inter-pass temperature: refer to PQR recorded and Table 6.9.
PWHT
Refer to Table 6.5 for SMAW
Line #37: addition or deletion of PWHT.
Refer to Table 6.7 for SMAW
Line #9: a change in the PWHT time and range …
—WPS—
- PWHT temperature: see Clause 7.8.
GAS
This section is not applicable for SMAW process.
TECHNIQUE
Refer to Table 6.7 for SMAW
Line #11: In the vertical position, a change from stringer to weave.
Line #12: A change from multi-pass per side to single pass per side
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Refer to Table 6.5 for SMAW
Line #12: A change in the amperage for each diameter used by manufacturer.
Line #13: A change in type of current (ac or dc) or polarity (electrode positive or negative for dc current).
Refer to Table 6.7 for SMAW
Line #10: An increase in heat input or volume of weld metal deposited per unit length of weld, over that qualified, …
—WPS—
Welding parameters should minimum follow:
- Layer / pass of process:
- Filler metal: class. and diameter
- Current and Polarity:
- Amperage and Voltage:
- Travel Speed:
- Heat input per length:
- Other:
Procedure Qualification Records
Testing Requirement
Type of CJP weld qualification tests are required in Clause 6.5
Below table is a sample of testing required.
| # | Type of tests | Clause/Figures reference | Acceptance criteria | Result | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Visual inspection | 6.10.1 | 6.10.1 | – | – |
| 2 | RT | 6.10.2.1 | 6.10.2.2 | – | – |
| 3 | Side bends | 6.10.3.1 / Fig. 6.9 | 6.10.3.3 | – | – |
| 4 | Tensile test | 6.10.3.1 / Fig. 6.10 | 6.10.3.5 | – | – |
| 5 | Macro-etch | 6.10.4 | 6.10.4.1 | – | – |
| 6 | CVN tests | 6 Part D/ Fig. 6.28 | 6.30 and Table 6.14 | – | – |
- CVN evaluation, see C-6.27.
Other
- Welder name, number shall be recorded in the PQR.
- Laboratory body shall be recorded in the PQR. I recommend a recognized body to conduct the testing.
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